Social Media Addiction Among Generation Z: Psychological Impacts and the Role of Guidance and Counseling as an Intervention Strategy (Systematic Literature Review)

Ilma Hayati Dhilla; Khairiyah Khadijah; Nurul Aina; Syfa Adistyaningsih; Aldie Yusuf Saljar Siregar

doi:10.30983/bicc.v4i1.198

Authors

Ilma Hayati Dhilla Universitas Riau
Khairiyah Khadijah Universitas Riau
Nurul Aina Universitas Riau
Syfa Adistyaningsih Universitas Riau
Aldie Yusuf Saljar Siregar Universitas Riau

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30983/bicc.v4i1.198

Keywords:

Guidance and counseling, Psychological impact, Generation Z, Social media addiction

Abstract

Social media addiction among Generation Z has become an urgent issue with multidimensional impacts on psychological well-being, academic performance, and the quality of social interactions. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, synthesizing 20 reputable articles sourced from Google Scholar (via the Publish or Perish application) and the SINTA portal, published between 2020 and 2026. The thematic analysis yielded three main findings: (1) addiction is driven by internal mechanisms such as social comparison, Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), and dependence on digital validation, which are exacerbated by peer pressure and the platforms’ algorithmic design; (2) addiction causes multidimensional impacts including anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, emotional exhaustion, decreased academic performance, and weakened face-to-face interactions; and (3) school Guidance and Counseling (BK) services that combine individual counseling, group counseling, and time management training have proven effective when supported by active collaboration between counselors, teachers, and parents. This study focuses on three main areas: factors influencing social media addiction, the resulting impacts, and interventions that can be implemented through Guidance and Counseling (BK) services. In other words, this study not only examines the existing problems but also offers solutions through the roles of counselors, teachers, and parents in helping adolescents manage their social media use in a healthier way.

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