Integrative Model of School and Community-Based Counseling in Supporting Adolescent Mental Health

Abstract

Adolescent mental health has become a critical issue in education that demands serious attention. As the primary environment for students, schools hold a strategic role in providing counseling services; however, in practice, they still face various constraints, such as a limited number of counselors, restricted service hours, and the lingering stigma associated with seeking counseling. On the other hand, community-based counseling offers a more flexible alternative that is closely integrated into adolescents' daily lives, yet it remains optimally unintegrated with school services. Therefore, an integrative model is needed to bridge and combine these two approaches. This study aims to examine an integrative model of school and community-based counseling in supporting adolescent mental health. The method employed is a literature review, analyzing various relevant scientific articles related to school-based counseling, community-based counseling, and service integration. The results of the study indicate that school-based counseling plays a vital role in early detection and management of student issues, while community-based counseling contributes by expanding service access and providing more flexible support. Integrating both approaches has the potential to create more comprehensive services to support adolescent mental health. However, the implementation of such integration still faces several challenges, including resource limitations, social stigma, and a lack of coordination between stakeholders. In conclusion, collaborative efforts between schools and communities are essential to develop integrated counseling services that support adolescent mental health more effectively and sustainably.